Abstract
The growth of plants by the use of Trichoderma occurs through distinct mechanisms, among which it can highlight the synthesis of phytohormones and auxins analogues. The objective of this work was to evaluate Trichoderma spp. commercial strains in the promoting seedlings growth and in the productivity of parsley plants. In laboratory assay, seeds of parsley cv. ‘Graúda Portuguesa’ were treated with 2 mL of Trichoderma suspension (2.5 × 108 ml-1 conidia per 100 g of seeds) submitted to growth test until 28 days after sowing (DAS). For the greenhouse experiment, parsley seedlings were transplanted into 3.0 L pots containing soil, which was previously treated with 5 mL Trichoderma suspension, totaling 1.5 × 108 conidia per pot. In both, a control without Trichoderma application was included, being arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD). The evaluations were: percentage of germination (PG), root length (RL), shoot length (SL), total length (TL = RL + SL), fresh root mass (FRM), fresh shoot mass (FSM), total fresh mass (TFM = FRM + FSM), root dry mass (RDM), shoot dry mass (SDM), total dry mass (BIO = RDM + SDM), root mass ratio (RMR = RDM/BIO), shoot mass ratio (SMR = SDM/BIO), aerial part/root system retio (AP/RS = SDM/RDM) and productivity at 110 DAS. Althougth no diferences was observed among the Trichoderma treatments and the control about yield, Trichoderma spp. strains provided better TFM (18.98 to 22.92 mg), BIO (3.37 to 4.31 mg) and root system superior to the control (14.20 and 2.44 mg, respectively) under greenhouse conditions. T. harzianum ESALQ1306 was the better strain in laboratory assyas, suggsting this isolate for applied in the seeds when it aims the promotion of initial growth.
Highlights
Parsley (Petroselinum crispum) is an herbaceous plant that reaches its importance by commercial use as a condiment, besides the use in the food industry, the parsley has been used in the manufacture of cosmetics and soap, it is a rich crop of antioxidant substances, A, C and K-Complex vitamins (Filgueira, 2008; Dorman et al, 2011; Mahmood et al, 2014)
The strain T. harzianum ESALQ1306 presented increment concerning to the length of the shoot (SL = 1.99 cm), root (RL = 7.75 cm) and total length (TL = 9.75 cm), while for the other strains the value of shoot length (SL), root length (RL) and TL ranged from 1.71 to 1.91 cm; 6.58 to 7.82 cm and 8.50 to 9.53 cm, respectively (Table 1)
The effect on root growth was expected, since T. harzianum establishes a system of fungus-plant interaction, which results in the stimulation lateral roots development (Harman et al, 2000; Machado et al, 2012)
Summary
Parsley (Petroselinum crispum) is an herbaceous plant that reaches its importance by commercial use as a condiment, besides the use in the food industry, the parsley has been used in the manufacture of cosmetics and soap, it is a rich crop of antioxidant substances, A, C and K-Complex vitamins (Filgueira, 2008; Dorman et al, 2011; Mahmood et al, 2014). The presence of Trichoderma spp. in the soil it makes the nutrients more soluble, allowing a greater and more rapid absorption by the plants, causing increase in the growth of the root system, accompanied by the increase of the green mass (Oliveira et al, 2012). These fungus are found in the rhizosphere and are capable of promoting root growth due to their metabolic production capacity that induces plant cell multiplication (Machado et al, 2012). In a study using Trichoderma in the treatment of lettuce seeds, Diniz et al (2006) observed that the jas.ccsenet.org
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