Abstract
The low volume of information related to the interaction of Trichoderma fungi with seeds and seedlings represents a limitation to forest production, and it is important to carry out studies focusing on its effect on plant germinability and formation. The aim was to evaluate commercial products based on Trichoderma spp. in promoting growth of Jacaranda mimosifolia. For initial seedling growth assay, seeds were treated with Trichoderma spp. suspension and placed on germinating paper sheets. At 28 days after sowing (DAS) the following evaluations were: percentage germination (PG), root length (RL), shoot length (SL), total length (TL), fresh root mass (FRM), fresh shoot mass (FSM), fresh total mass (FTM), root dry mass (RDM), shoot dry mass (SDM) and total dry mass (BIO). To evaluate the development of Jacaranda mimosifolia plants, the experiment was conducted in a greenhouse, wherein the soil of each pot (10 L) was treated with five strains of the Trichoderma spp. (Trichoderma asperellum URM 5911; T. harzianum ESALQ 1306; T. harzianum IBLF 006 WP; T. harzianum SIMBI T5 and T. harzianum T-22 WG. Then, Jacaranda mimosifolia seeds were sown and the evaluations performed at 120 DAS. The variables were: PG at 120 DAS, shoot height (SH), stem diameter (SD), and Dickson quality index (DQI). The strains SIMBI T5, ESALQ 1306 and T-22 WG stood out in relation to RL; while ESALQ 1306 and SIMBI T5 stood out performed the RL and TL. In greenhouse, SIMBI T5 and ESALQ1306 presented higher values of ALT, CR, DC, MFT. Meanwhile, only the SIMBI T5 strain stood out for MSPA, MSR, BIO and DQI.
Highlights
In view of the increasing environmental topics, it was notable a considerable intensification in the cultivation of forest species and in this scenario, the genus Jacaranda stands out, since this species have a great landscape importance and in the recovery of degraded environments (Maciel et al, 2013; Felizardo et al, 2021)
The approximation between the strains T. harzianum SIMBI T5 (7.38 cm) and T. harzianum ESALQ1306 (7.63 cm) in relation to the length of the aerial part (SL) can be clearly seen, differing from the treatments evaluated, which showed a lower relationship with the variable (Figure 1)
As for the total length (TL), still following the same pattern in relation to the previous item, there is a greater relationship with the treatments T. harzianum SIMBI T5 (12.75 cm) and T. harzianum ESALQ1306 (12.69 cm) (Figure 1)
Summary
In view of the increasing environmental topics, it was notable a considerable intensification in the cultivation of forest species and in this scenario, the genus Jacaranda stands out, since this species have a great landscape importance and in the recovery of degraded environments (Maciel et al, 2013; Felizardo et al, 2021). The fungi Trichoderma spp. comprise filamentous and free life microorganisms, endophytic plants symbionts, bioprotective agents for controlling plant diseases, besides presenting wide performance in the treatment of seeds in order to promote the growth and plants productivity (Chagas et al, 2016). Among the main mechanisms of action in microorganisms of the genus Trichoderma, stands out the production of metabolites and enzymes with antifungal properties, such as hyperparasitism and competition for nutrients (Zin & Badaluddin, 2020). In addition to the extensive performance in the decomposition process of organic matter, the fungus induces the production of hormones that maximize root growth and provides the absorption of nutrients through the plant, because the physical contact between Trichoderma and root modulates the enzymatic activity involved in production of secondary metabolites (Rodríguez et al, 2020)
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