Abstract
The article aims to identify the origins and analyze the development of the idea of applying folk arts and crafts elements in teaching and upbringing in the works of Ukrainian and Western European classical educators. The conceptual analysis of the classical national and foreign pedagogical thought, taking into account the specificity of the studied artistic-educational phenomenon, allowed determining the foundations of scientific-theoretical understanding of decorative and applied arts as a subject of pedagogical research. In the course of the study, a positive attitude of the outstanding figures of education and culture towards the introduction of folk pedagogy elements, in particular traditional arts and crafts, was revealed, namely the views of prominent figures of Ukrainian national pedagogy, writers, philosophers (Hryhorii Skovoroda, Oleksandr Dukhnovych, Lesia Ukrainka, Ivan Franko, Anton Makarenko, Vasyl Sukhomlynskyi, Taras Shevchenko); Ukrainian and Russian teacher of Ukrainian origin Konstiantyn Ushynskyi, who first introduced the concept of “folk pedagogy” to scientific discourse; Russian Soviet scholar-teacher, researcher of Chuvash folk pedagogy, founder of the term “ethno-pedagogy” Hryhorii Volkov; Western European theorists-philosophers, scientists-pedagogues (I. Bazedov, B. Blache, H. Campe, H. Saltzman, D. Diderot, J. Comenius, J. Locke, R. Owen, J. Pestalozzi, J.-J. Rousseau, I. Heusinger). At the same time, the article analyzes the works of foreign art theorists, propagandists of the world movement for the unity of arts and crafts (G. Semper, V. Morris, A. Riegl, J. Ruskin), whose scientific-theoretical works have contributed to the improvement of the status of decorative and applied arts in the history of art education development in Ukraine in the 19 th – early 20 th centuries. The findings of the study traced general features of the genesis of pedagogical ideas of foreign and domestic scientists on the development of art education in the field of arts and crafts as a basis for introduction of decorative and applied arts in the institutions of art and general education in Ukraine.
Highlights
In the current conditions of Ukrainian education development, the study and rethinking of the experience of domestic and foreign scientists, who stood at the origins of the education system creation, has gained great importance
As a result of the analysis of scientific works of foreign educators, we have found out progressive pedagogical ideas on the application of artistic and artistic-craft activity in the educational process: 1) work with students in creative workshops with the use of manual labor of crafts and artisticcreative nature; 2) using fine arts elements in the process of teaching
It is found out that Ukrainian cultural and art figures, philosophers, theorists-pedagogues have determined effective ways of activating the progressive ideas of foreign theorists, classics of pedagogical thought on the basis of Ukrainian folk pedagogy and ethno-pedagogy using the means of traditional arts and crafts in family, moral, religious, aesthetic, ethical, civil, physical education and upbringing
Summary
In the current conditions of Ukrainian education development, the study and rethinking of the experience of domestic and foreign scientists, who stood at the origins of the education system creation, has gained great importance. We consider it impossible to become a good arts and crafts teacher without learning scientific heritage of the pedagogues who generated ideas of love for their native land and implemented the ideas of folk pedagogy in teaching and upbringing. The relevance of the study lies in the need to identify the origins of the idea of using folk art in the educational process in the scientific-theoretical heritage of the prominent figures of Ukrainian and Western European pedagogy. The expediency of research is intensified by the contradictions between the historical-pedagogical requests for the use of national and foreign pedagogical heritage regarding the application of folk arts and crafts in the educational process and absence of a thorough historicalpedagogical study of the genesis of the outlined ideas concerning the introduction of arts and crafts teaching in arts and crafts education institutions in the territory of Ukraine which was part of the Russian Empire in the 19th – early 20th centuries
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