Abstract

Gene regulation is the combined biological processes that contribute to the controlled expression of genetic information. These processes can be divided into two main mechanisms: (1) transcriptional regulation, which is controlled genetically by DNA-encoded regulatory machinery and epigenetically by non-DNA-encoded mechanisms, and (2) posttranscriptional regulation, which is controlled at the level of RNA stability through the action of RNA-binding proteins and microRNAs (miRNAs).

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