FEATURES OF THE FORMATION OF MILITARY TERMINOLOGY IN ROMAN LANGUAGES (ITALIAN AND FRENCH)

Abstract

Statement of the problem. In recent decades, linguistics has seen a significant increase in interest in the study of special vocabulary. When preparing military translators, the task is to teach special vocabulary as part of the military sublanguage. This article is devoted to the consideration of the issue concerning the features of the formation of military terminology. Accuracy in the translation of military terminology is of paramount importance, since strategic decisions depend on it, the error in the adoption of which can be fatal. Knowledge of military terminology is the main component of training a military translator, which is reflected in the qualification requirements for training specialists in the field of "Linguistic support of military activities" and the corresponding professional competencies. Consideration of the features of the formation of military terminology in Italian and French from the point of view of an analytical comparison of methods of education in closely related languages is aimed at identifying both general trends and specific features due to cultural, historical and intra-linguistic reasons. Results. As the practice of training translators at the Military Training Center of Voronezh State University in 2008 - 2020 shows, training in the military language and special military terminology is at the heart of the training methodology for military translators. The search for solutions and methodology for the semantization of military vocabulary is designed to facilitate its assimilation and adequate translation. Since the development of military affairs in all countries is more or less the same, then military terminology is largely unified in different languages. An analysis of the methods of forming the military terminology of the Italian and French languages revealed their general properties and methods that do not depend on the language, as well as specific national features that are reflected in the military vocabulary. This study is based on official military-related materials issued by the Ministry of Defense of the French Republic, which are used in military translation classes, as well as materials from the Italian Ministry of Defense, electronic media related to military cooperation and international security. Conclusion. Summing up, it can be argued that overcoming difficulties in the assimilation and translation of military terminology can be achieved through regular practice and exercises developed in the form of a methodological guide - a logical continuation of this study. Professional military translation is impossible without mastering special vocabulary. The development of military terminology can take place, among other things, by studying the features of its education in different languages. The common characteristic features of the formation of military terminology in Italian and French are the original lexical fund, the frequent use of various abbreviations and a small number of foreign borrowings. In the compared military terminological systems of the Italian and French languages, there are also cases of discrepancies in the degree of detailing of military concepts. There are discrepancies in the terminological nomination, which are associated with belonging to the branch of the army, the peculiarities of the conduct of hostilities, etc. Thus, the French military vocabulary is full of eponyms of French origin, while the Italian language prefers borrowed ones.