Features of diseases of the musculoskeletal and peripheral nervous systems in workers of metallurgical production in modern conditions

Abstract

Manufacturing industries, including metallurgy, are the backbone of the country’s economy. A number of technological operations involve the impact of physical overload, heating microclimate, static load, and often entails the development of diseases of the musculoskeletal and peripheral nervous systems. The clinical picture of such patients is dominated by pain in various parts of the spinal column, in some cases, combined localization. The analysis of the results of the examination of the connection of diseases of the musculoskeletal and peripheral nervous systems with the profession, carried out by employees of a large metallurgical enterprise of the Republic of Bashkortostan (RB), using the archival material of the FBUN clinic «Ufa Research Institute of Occupational Medicine and Human Ecology» was carried out. The group of the main professions of the enterprise includes: wire drawing machine, wire rewinder, caliper, pyrometrist, laboratory assistant for physical and mechanical tests, automatic machine for cold landing machines, mechanic-repairman, sorter-delivery of metal. During the analyzed period, in 117 cases, the workers of the enterprise confirmed the professional etiology of the disease. The nosological structure in 60 % of cases of the first established occupational diseases is represented by diseases of the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue. A significant part of diseases of occupational etiology was detected in persons aged 50 to 59 years. Workers of the studied professional groups are at the highest risk of developing diseases of the musculoskeletal and peripheral nervous systems of professional etiology, which is due to the specific conditions of their professional activity. Establishing a connection between the disease and the profession is characterized by late detection, at the stage of pronounced clinical symptoms with the formation of persistent disability.