Abstract
Trends in extreme precipitation and their causes were analyzed for events within the Laurentian Great Lakes for several periods: 1908–2020, 1949–2020, 1980–2019, and 1980–2020. Upward trends in extreme precipitation were found for multiple metrics, including the number of exceedances of return period thresholds for several durations and average recurrence intervals (ARI), the number of extreme basin-average 4-day precipitation totals, and the annual maximum daily station precipitation. The causes of extreme events were classified into 5 meteorological categories: fronts of extratropical cyclones (ETC-FRT), extratropical cyclones but not proximate to the fronts (ETC-NFRT), mesoscale convective systems (MCS), tropical cyclones (TC), and air mass convection (AMC). For daily events exceeding the threshold for 5-yr ARI, ETC-FRTs account for 78% of all events, followed by ETC-NFRTs (12%), MCSs (6%), TCs (2%), and AMC (1%). Upward trends in the number of events by cause were found for all categories except AMC. An examination of basin-wide 4-day extreme events (40 largest events during 1980–2019) found that all events were caused by ETC-FRTs (85%) or ETC-NFRTs (15%).
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
