Abstract
Publisher Summary This chapter discusses the current knowledge of extramicrosomal epoxide hydration, concentrating on the activity in the cytosolic fraction. Epoxide hydrases are enzymes that add water to three-membered cyclic ethers (epoxides) to yield 1, 2–diols. Microsomal epoxide hydrases have received a great deal of attention; however, for some substrates, extramicrosomal epoxide hydration represents a major route of metabolism. This extramicrosomal hydration may be an important detoxification pathway as some, but not all, epoxides may be toxic, mutagenic, or carcinogenic. Epoxide hydrase activity is either microsomal or nuclear when styrene oxide is used as a substrate; however, styrene oxide is one of the few substrates not hydrated by the cytosolic and mitochondrial subcellular fractions. Epoxide hydrase in the cytosolic fraction is inhibited by divalent and monovalent copper ions, and divalent zinc or iron while trivalent iron stimulates epoxide hydrase activity.
Published Version
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