EXTRACTION OF LIPID PROFILE COMPONENTS FROM PLASMA BY VARIOUS FORMS OF POLYMERIC SORBENTS WITH THE AMMONIUM AND PHOSPHONIUM BASE GROUPS

Abstract

Cardiovascular diseases are the leading causes of death globally. The purpose of the article is to reveal the forms of anion exchangers with groups of ammonium and phosphoniumbases, which are the most promising for selective extraction of low- and very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL and VLDL), their increased content beinga risk factor of circulatory system diseases. This research is of practical importance considering insufficient selectivity and side effects of commercial sorbents. The main method applied is a screening of a number of sorbents by sorption parameters of lipid profile components to reveal optimum samples for LDL and VLDL removal. We carried out a comparative analysis of sorption characteristics by the components of lipid profile for anion exchangers with groups of onium bases (ammonium and phosphonium) in three forms: hydroxyl, chloride, and bicarbonate. Sorbent capacity for lipid profile components (up to 5.65 μmol/g by LDL and VLDL), as well as sorption efficiency factors, were found (LDL and VLDL selectivity coefficient was up to 6.06). The ability of sorbents to influence plasma atherogenicity was characterized. The most promising forms of anion exchangers for the selective sorption of lipids were defined: in general, these were OH-forms. A sorbent with ammonium base groups has higher sorption capacity, and a sorbent with phosphonium base groups has a higher selectivity for atherogenic LDL and VLDL. The data of the article may be useful in the development and practical application of sorption columns for selective removal of LDL and VLDL cholesterol with minimal side effects.