Exploring Intermediate Vocational Education and Training for 16–19-Year-Olds in Germany and England

Abstract

This chapter focuses upon aspects of full-time vocational education and training (VET) provision for young people aged 16–19 in Germany and England. This provision is aimed at young people who have been unable to gain access to the dual system in Germany or advanced level (largely academic) provision in England. We show that there are significant numbers of young people who fall into this category in both countries. The chapter examines some of the characteristics of provision through the transition sector in Germany and a variety of courses in England. Drawing upon recent research, it focuses upon two recent developments – the promotion of ‘personal learning’ in vocational schools in North Rhine Westphalia (NRW) and the introduction of diploma courses in England from 2008. The chapter ends with an analysis of similarities between Germany and England in tackling some of the issues and problems in developing full-time intermediate VET in order to meet the needs of the young people, employers and the wider society.