EVOLUTION OF THE REALISTIC ARTISTIC AND AESTHETIC METHOD

Abstract

This article delves into the evolution of the realist method, examining its interrelation with various artistic trends and currents. The impact of socio-political processes on the method's development is explored, emphasizing the dynamic nature of the artistic method and its continuous modifications in the expression of the author's ideas. The concept of 'realism' as a primary method in art is expounded, with an analysis of the perspectives of philosophers, art critics, and artists on its understanding throughout different epochs of cultural development. Characterizing features of realism are delineated, and a conceptual framework is presented, positing "realism" as a means of engaging with and comprehending spiritual and practical reality. The study establishes that realism serves as a conduit for unveiling the social and historical essence of humanity. Realistic painting, in particular, plays a pivotal role in transmitting the cultural code, illustrating the reciprocal interaction between individuals and their surrounding reality. This interaction contributes to a holistic representation of a specific historical period. The research paper encompasses a comprehensive examination of artistic methods, trends, and concepts, including romanticism, impressionism, symbolism, cubism, modernism, postmodernism, and metamodernism. The article underscores the significance of studying the evolution of realism in the visual arts and posits that the phenomenon in realistic art centers on the symbiotic relationship between individuals and their environment. In conclusion, the article asserts that realism not only unveils national traits but also communicates authentic facts that subsequently contribute to the shaping of historical mentality. The research interest in this exploration stems from a profound concern for understanding the nuanced evolution of realism in the visual arts.