Ethyl acetate extract of breadfruit leaves (Artocarvus altilis) improves lipid profile and reduces F2-isoprostane in dyslipidemia-induced Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Abstract

Dyslipidemia is closely related to the process of lipid peroxidation. In the non-enzymatic peroxidation process of arachidonic acid, an esterification process occurs and produces a metabolite in the form of isoprostane. The most common isoprostane found is F2-isoprostane. In traditional medicine, breadfruit leaves (Artocarvus altilis) have been widely used due to their antioxidant compounds, such as flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, and other secondary metabolites. This study aims to evaluate the activity of breadfruit leaf ethyl acetate extract in improving the lipid profile and F2-isoprostane in dyslipidemia-induced Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). This study was an experimental study with a pretest-posttest control group design with two treatment groups: fenofibrate 1.65 mg (P1) and breadfruit leaf ethyl acetate extract (760 mg) (P2) for 28 days. Total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL, and F2-isoprostane levels were measured before and after treatment expressed in mg/dL. The data were analyzed using a parametric t-paired and t-unpaired test with a 95% confidence level. The study found that breadfruit leaf extract was better than fenofibrate at lowering total cholesterol (pre 172.41 ± 4.93; post 101.24 ± 2.09), triglycerides (pre 172.41 ± 4.93; post 101.24 ± 2.09), LDL (pre 95.78 ± 8.00; post 12.03 ± 10.06), F2-Isoprostane (pre 924.86±10.40; post 432.99±14.17), and raising HDL (pre 102.29 ± 10.40; post 143.89 ± 5.99). In conclusion, ethyl acetate extract is better than fenofibrate in improving lipid profiles and reducing F2-isoprostane in dyslipidemia-induced animal tests.
 Keywords: breadfruit leaves (Artocarvus altilis), dyslipidemia, F2-Isoprostane, fenofibrate, lipid profile, total cholesterol