Effect of Breadfruit (Artocarpus Altilis) Leaf Extract on Blood Pressure in Obese Adults in Makassar, Indonesia

Abstract

Background: Obesity has become a global public health and nutrition problem. Obese people will have a variety of diseases, one of which is high blood pressure. Therefore, this study aims to determine the effect of breadfruit leaf extract on blood pressure in obese adults in Makassar City. Methods: An experimental study was conducted involving a double-blind, randomized controlled trial with pretest and posttest assessments, which included 36 obese respondents. The intervention group received breadfruit leaf extract in the methodology, while the control group received a placebo capsule. Blood pressure was monitored using a digital tension device. Data analysis was performed using SPSS 13, including paired tests, independent tests, Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were lower in the intervention control group before and after the intervention (p=0.015 and 0.018) with a difference (p=0.105) (p>0.05) of -3 systole and -3.5 diastole. Mean analysis for the intervention and control groups in systolic blood pressure revealed a p-value of 0.628, signifying no significant difference between the groups (p>0.05). While the control group's systolic and diastolic blood pressure before and after the intervention (p=0.007 and 0.003) (0.05) showed a difference (p=0.271) (p>0.05) with a decrease in the control group's systole -8.39 and diastole -3.22, there was no statistically significant difference between the two intervention and control groups—only a decrease. Conclusion: Giving breadfruit leaf extract capsules to the intervention group with obese respondents and high blood pressure showed a decrease in blood pressure after giving breadfruit leaf extract capsules. People with high blood pressure can consume breadfruit leaf decoction or extract.