Estimation of the distribution of deflation sites on the territory of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug by data of remote sensing

Abstract

Geoinformation assessment of deflation processes in the Arctic conditions makes it possible to move to a new technological level in the planning of forest reclamation of the landscapes of the Arctic zone. The use of forest reclamation and phytomelioration of accumulative forms makes it possible to control desertification processes. To achieve the purpose of the study – to assess the spatial distribution of deflated surface areas on the territory of the Nenets Autonomous Okrug, a geoinformation analysis of current space sensing data was carried out and the degree of degradation (deflation and anthropogenic transformation) of the territory in controlled areas was revealed, on the basis of which the necessary measures are proposed to prevent land deflation and it is planned to create an information system for monitoring and forecasting the state of soil and vegetation cover. The decoding of satellite images of deflation sites in the research area made it possible to develop vector cartographic GIS layers, which show selected coastal, continental not grown and overgrown massifs. The conducted geomorphological differentiation of deflation sites makes it possible to effectively use such parameters as tiering, exposure, meso- and microclimatic differences, as well as plan anti-deflation measures. Vector cartographic layers of the spatial distribution of sandy accumulative forms have been developed and their morphometric characteristics have been determined, the features of the development of continental and coastal deflation have been established, the areas of which are 31.51 and 20.86 thousand hectares, respectively, the total number of sites allocated by vector contours exceeds 166 thousand, and their sizes vary from 0.001 hectares to more than 5.5 thousand hectares. As a result of a spatial assessment of 68 large sandy massifs overgrown with vegetation, their area of 543.85 thousand hectares has been established.