Estimation of morbidity of military personnel under contract in extreme living conditions

Abstract

We analyzed the incidence of military personnel in the Arctic, subarctic (Arctic zone) and continental climatic zones for 2015–2020. In terms of the prevalence of diseases, the highest registration was determined in the Subarctic, respectively 3493.2 ± 12.7‰, 3692.6 ± 19.2‰ and 2610.1 ± 72.6‰. However, in the conditions of the Arctic, it is difficult to provide general medical or specialized medical care due to the duration of non-flying weather. The incidence of the class «Diseases of the genitourinary system» in the Arctic exceeded that in other climatic zones, 1.3–1.6 times. In the Subarctic, the most highly recorded pathology of the digestive system. For diseases of the respiratory and digestive organs, genitourinary, musculoskeletal, endocrine systems and blood circulation, the excess in the Arctic zone, compared with the continental climate, reached 1.3–2.0 times. Primary morbidity in different climatic zones did not differ. The first four ranking places were left for diseases of the respiratory, genitourinary, musculoskeletal and endocrine systems. In the conditions of the Arctic zone, traumatism was relevant, and in the conditions of the Subarctic and continental climates, diseases of the ear and its mastoid process. The prevalence of diseases in the Arctic zone proves the influence of weather and climate conditions on the health of servicemen. Differences in the prevalence of diseases in the Arctic and Subarctic regions were determined by the class «Diseases of the genitourinary system»: 2nd and 6th ranking places (excess by 1.3 times, p = 0.01). In the continental climate, indicators for diseases of the genitourinary, musculoskeletal and endocrine systems, the circulatory system and the digestive system did not differ. In the Arctic zone, data on diseases of the endocrine system did not differ and were less significant (by 1.3–1.4 times) than in the continental belt, but the injury rate was 1.5–2.1 times higher. The revealed features in the long-term dynamics of the incidence of military personnel allow us to adjust the directions of preventive activities.