Environmental engineering approach for ecologization of plant protection systems

Abstract

The need for environmentally friendly products is growing every year. In 2018, a law was adopted. And a program for growing organic apple fruits is now being developed. Obtaining such products without the use of pesticides or with a minimum amount of them is possible by replacing chemical insecticides with biological ones and / or using non-chemical measures to combat insects, in particular, since insecticides are the most toxic component of the general system of apple protection from a complex of harmful organisms. The use of various biological agents, along with protecting the environment and human health, ensures high technical and economic efficiency. To protect orchards from pests, diseases and weeds, spraying is carried out 20 … 22 times during a season. The level of pesticide load is quite high, which is a factor of not only environmental but also economic stress. Due to the peculiarities of the relief in the North Caucasus, the gardens are in close proximity to settlements, resorts and health resorts, in the vicinity of protected and resort areas. Therefore, the issues of safety of any production, relevant on a global scale, arise in this territory with particular urgency. In this regard, this article presents the results of using elements of organic agriculture in horticulture to obtain environmentally friendly fruit products in the conditions of the foothill zone of the North Caucasus region.