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Abstract
This chapter discusses the metabolism of membrane glycoproteins. There are similarities in the structure and mode of biosynthesis of the soluble glycoproteins that are secreted from cells and glycoprotein components of membranes. According to the membrane flow hypothesis, the biogenesis of cellular membranes is brought about by the transfer of membrane material from one cell compartment to another. It is assumed that the major source of membrane material is the endoplasmic reticulum. The biogenesis of surface membrane is considered to be analogous to the secretory process. It is also assumed that proteins and glycoproteins present at the external surface of intact cells remain associated with membranes throughout intracellular biogenesis; these components must be exposed on the internal surface of secretory vesicles. The inside surface of secretory vesicles is equivalent to the intracisternal face of the endoplasmic reticulum. The intracellular membranes and the surface membrane are asymmetrically substituted with carbohydrate groups. The exclusive localization of these groups on the outer surface of the plasma membrane is accommodated by exocytosis and fusion with the surface membrane of vesicles, similar to or perhaps identical with the Golgi secretory vesicles.
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