Abstract

It is vital to study the chemical speciation of chromium, an indispensable environmental contaminant in plants to understand its phytoavailability, toxicity and transfer through agricultural food chains and also to exploit plants for phytoremediation. In vitro studies were performed by mixing radiotagged Cr(III) with xylem sap (pure and carboxylic acid fraction) of maize plants (winter crop) at three stages of plant growth. Xylem sap transports both nutrient and non-nutrient ions after absorption by roots to the aerial parts of the plant. Speciation analysis by paper electrophoresis revealed cationic Cr(III) to react with organic ligands, evidently carboxylates to form anionic complexes which were most likely citrate complexes. These mobile and soluble complexes may get stored in leaves and other edible plant parts. This may also be a detoxification mechanism used by plants whereby toxic Cr(VI) may get reduced and then complexed.

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