Abstract
Titanium alloys used for rotating parts of aeroplanes must meet the strict standards of quality, so that it is required to demonstrate that electron beam melting is capable of producing defects-free ingots. However, complete elimination by dissolution of low density inclusions (LDI) having high nitrogen content would be difficult, so that a new way of eliminating LDI was needed. Therefore, control of a state of the molten titanium flow with the aide of Marangoni flow induced by electron beam has been studied, and the effects on eliminating LDI have been verified.
Highlights
Since it was introduced in 1980s, electron beam cold hearth melting [1] has been used to produce commercially pure titanium products and aerospace-quality products
We considered the control of a state of the molten titanium flow with the aide of the Marangoni flow, and inclusions coming to the area got stuck in front of the area
Molten titanium flows from the left to the right, so that the solid lines in figure 2(b) representing low density inclusions (LDI) path on the surface of the pool are reaching to the lip where refined molten titanium is poured to a mold
Summary
Since it was introduced in 1980s, electron beam cold hearth melting [1] has been used to produce commercially pure titanium products and aerospace-quality products. Titanium alloys used for rotating parts of aeroplanes must meet strict standards of quality, so that it is required to demonstrate that electron beam melting is capable of producing defectsfree ingots. There are two kinds of inclusions (see table 1) to be eliminated. One is high density inclusions (HDI) such as WC tool bits and other refractory metals. LDI can have density lower than molten titanium, so that they do not sink but can move inside or on the surface of the pool. A new way of eliminating LDI has been studied
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