Abstract
The aftermath of the Arab Spring was leaving a great turnover for many countries as the regime changed, so does Egypt. As one of the most influential countries both in the Middle East and North Africa, Egypt's domestic politics is quite dynamics since immemorial time, from numerous kingdoms, West colonialism until republic under the authoritarian regime in this modern days. For once, the dynamics of politics itself comes from the grass-root level whichever reached the top such as al-Ikhwan al-Muslimun or Muslim Brotherhood and Salafi Movements which caught people’s attention, not only in Egypt but the entire world. Both basically have religious intentions as it is considered Islamic movements except for their differences in political experience, religious interpretation and manners overpower contestation. Although Egypt currently is controlled by a military coup regime that tends to perpetuate the power, the Brotherhood and Salafi Movements which likewise spread to many countries still lurking and it might be consolidating the power to turn back the democracy to Egyptian who suffer from authoritarian style regime ever since the establishment of the nation after independence from British colonialism. This paper is aimed to describe the policy of the Islamic movement in Egypt which is based on religious intention and the interaction with politics and democratic goal from the nature of establishment, during the Arab Spring and the prospect for Muslim Brotherhood and Salafi Movements as the unrest recently occured.
Highlights
He emphasizes on the political process in Egypt, a transcontinental country between two civilizations (Arab and Africa) – that brought Salafi movements turn their steps toward politics prior to the January 25 Revolution
Muslim Brotherhood who persistently grows in the grass root appeared in the meaningful time as they democratically winning the election and led policy the country, though it was cut by the coup
Since 1981, Egypt was in tyranny of authoritarian regime of Hosni Mubarak that led the nation to rebel in 2011 at Tahrir Square as people succeded to topple down the longest-standing regime in Egyptian political history
Summary
It was established as religious-social movement in order to disseminate the idea of the Society of Muslim Brotherhood which against the secularization and oppression by colonial power. Regime transition which led to the dynamics of internal affairs, political parties were banned in 1953 and Muslim Brotherhood needed to adjust themselves to become a religious association.
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