Abstract
The thermoelectric properties of single-crystalline and polycrystalline n-type Ba8CuxSi46−x type I clathrate were investigated and compared. Single-crystalline Ba8CuxSi46−x clathrate was synthesized by the Czochralski (CZ) method with a Cu content gradient, while spark plasma sintering (SPS) was used for the reorganization of polycrystalline materials. The same Cu content resulted in almost the same Seebeck coefficient in both single-crystalline and polycrystalline crystals, while the power factor $$ \left( {{\text{PF}} = S^{2} /\rho } \right) $$ of single-crystalline clathrate is twice that of polycrystalline clathrate. Thus, single crystallization is effective for the synthesis of high-efficiency thermoelectric materials in a type I Ba8CuxSi46−x clathrate ternary system.
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