Effect of Herbal Extracts of Bryophyllum calycinum and Achyranthes aspera on Serum Biochemical Profile of Rats having Adenine Induced Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract

The experiment was undertaken to study the therapeutic efficacy of aqueous and alcoholic extracts of Bryophyllum calycinum and Achyranthes aspera on adenine induced chronic kidney disease (CKD) in male Wistar rats. The rats (n = 48) were divided randomly into eight equal groups (n = 6 each). Group I and II served as normal and adenine control, respectively. In group II to VIII, CKD was induced by administration of adenine (200 mg/kg) along with drinking water for 28 days. After 28th day, the rats of CKD induced Groups III to VIII were given aqueous and alcoholic plant extracts of B. calycinum and A. aspera @ 300 mg/kg b.wt. orally as either single or combination of both herbal extracts (3:1) in 0.5 % sodium bicarbonate using syringe and rat gavage needle. CKD was confirmed by evaluating serum biochemical parameters before and after herbal treatment. Increased levels of serum glutamic pyruvic transaminase, urea nitrogen, uric acid, creatinine and phosphorus, while decreased levels of serum total protein were observed in all CKD groups by 28th day as compared to 0 day or normal control group, which was significantly reverted to near normal levels by day 70th following administration of single aqueous/alcoholic extract or a combination as biherbal extracts (3:1) from day 28 to 70 of experiment. The serum albumin and calcium, however, did not show significant alteration in any of the groups. Results of serum biochemistry revealed that aqueous and alcoholic extracts of B. calycinum and A. aspera possess good therapeutic/nephroprotective efficacy against CKD. The effect of biherbal alcoholic extract of the plants was much better in restoring the biochemical values of CKD induced rats by 42 days of administration.