RETRACTED ARTICLE: Effects of uric acid on endothelial dysfunction in early chronic kidney disease and its mechanisms

Yu Wang,Xiaorong Bao

doi:10.1186/2047-783x-18-26

Abstract

BackgroundAn increase in serum uric acid (UA) occurs during the early and middle stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and aggravates the deterioration of kidney function. This study aims to explore the relation between UA and endothelial dysfunction in early CKD and its mechanisms in a murine model.MethodsThe experimental animals were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10): sham-operation group (control group), right nephrectomy only group (CKD group) and right nephrectomy with oxonic potassium group (CKD with hyperuricemia group). Furthermore, we analyzed the relation between UA and endothelial dysfunction indices in early CKD as well as its mechanisms.ResultsLinear regression analysis showed that the level of serum UA had a significant positive correlation with serum endothelin-1 and the percentage of collagen I positive area, but a negative correlation with serum nitric oxide (NO) and NO/endothelin-1 ratio. In addition, the level of serum UA had significant positive correlations with serum malonaldehyde, serum C-reactive protein, serum oxidatively-modified low-density lipoprotein and serum low-density lipoprotein, but a negative correlation with serum superoxide dismutase.ConclusionsEndothelial dysfunction in the CKD group was significant and had a positive correlation with the level of serum UA. Endothelial dysfunction in early CKD with hyperuricemia is perhaps related to oxidative stress, micro-inflammation and lipid oxidation.

Highlights

An increase in serum uric acid (UA) occurs during the early and middle stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and aggravates the deterioration of kidney function
There was no obvious difference in serum creatinine (Scr) among the three groups (Table 1), which was in accordance with the characteristics of early CKD
The present study focuses on early CKD, and found that the experimental group has a significant increased oxidative stress level related to serum UA concentration, indicating that UA is involved in the formation of the early CKD oxidative stress status

Summary

Introduction

An increase in serum uric acid (UA) occurs during the early and middle stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and aggravates the deterioration of kidney function. This study aims to explore the relation between UA and endothelial dysfunction in early CKD and its mechanisms in a murine model. Since previous studies have highlighted the role of serum uric acid (UA) in coronary heart disease [1], the effect and mechanism of UA in cardiovascular disease (CVD) has aroused widespread concern. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects 10–13% of the general population. CKD patients have an extremely high risk of developing CVD compared with the general population. Patients in the early stages of CKD are more likely to convert into CVD rather than progress towards end-stage renal disease [6]; CVD is the major cause of death in patients with CKD [7].

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