Effect of Chromolaena odorata as bioactive compound in artificial diet on survival rate of tiger prawn Penaeus monodon

Abstract

The leaves of Chromolaena odorata can be used as alternative bioactive compounds to address high mortality in shrimp due to outbreaks of Vibrio sp. during both larval rearing and grow-out. The study aimed to determine the effect of Chromolaena odorata leaves on the survival and growth performance of tiger prawn Penaeus monodon larvae. Four different formulated diets with different concentrations of Chromolaena odorata leaves (1250 mg/kg, 1500 mg/kg, 1750 mg/kg) and a control (0 mg/kg) were fed to tiger prawns infected with Vibrio harveyi. Data were collected on total hemocyte count (THC), phenoloxidase (PO) and survival rate. One way ANOVA was applied for statistical analysis. The results show that Chromolaena odorata leaves were able to increase the immune response of tiger prawns infected with Vibrio harveyi. This was indicated by the increase in total haemocyte count (THC), phenoloxidase (PO) and survival rate with the values of 0.05 × 106 cells / mL, 0.05 and 84 %, respectively, for the formulated diet treatment with 1500 mg/kg feed. The increase in tiger prawn immune response led to increased resilience against Vibrio harveyi. As a result, survival rates of treated tiger prawns were higher than the control.