Abstract
Due to manganese mining and slag accumulation, the geological structure of the wetland polluted by heavy metals in Xiangtan Manganese Mine area was seriously damaged, hence biodiversity loss, severe soil, and water pollution, as well as serious heavy metal pollution to food, vegetables, and other natural sources. In order to restore the ecological environment of the mining area, in 2015, the ecological restoration test of heavy metal polluted wetlands in the mining area was carried out. The results showed that the Mn content of different parts of Koelreuteria paniculata root from high to low order: fine root > small root > medium root > large root. The Mn content of different parts of Elaeocarpus decipiens root from high to low order: large root > medium root > small root > fine root. The order of Mn content in plants of the wetland restoration from high to low is as follows: Canna warscewiezii > Thalia dealbata > Boehmeria > Pontederia cordata > Typha orientalis > Nerium oleander > Softstem bulrush > Iris germanica > Acorus calamus > Arundo donax > Phragmites australis; The order of Internal Cu content from high to low is as follows: Acorus calamus > Thalia dealbata > Softstem bulrush > Canna warscewiezii > Typha orientalis > Arundo donax > Boehmeria > Iris germanica > Pontederia cordata > Nerium oleander > Phragmites australis; Zn content from high to low order is as follows: Canna warscewiezii > Acorus calamus > Thalia dealbata > Typha orientalis > Pontederia cordata > Arundo donax > Softstem bulrush > Iris germanica > Boehmeria > Phragmites australis > Nerium oleander; Cd content from high to low order is as follows: Phragmites australis > Softstem bulrush > Thalia dealbata > Nerium oleander > Boehmeria > Canna warscewiezii > Acorus calamus > Iris germanica > Typha orientalis > Pontederia cordata > Arundo donax. The results of this study have provided a theoretical basis and decision-making reference for the evaluation of heavy metals polluted wetland restoration, protection, and reconstruction effects and the selection of ecological restoration modes.
Highlights
This article is an open access articleWith the development of industry and the increase in its demand, large-scale minerals are being mined with mechanized operation [1,2]
Ecological restoration planting plants can effectively absorb the heavy metals of the soil during the process of growth; the main reason is that the plant root secretions can regulate the soil environment, activate the heavy metal elements, make heavy metal elements gradually dissolve, and form organic matter and heavy metal compounds
Fe and Mn content are the lowest in all plants, indicating that plant growth is closely related to the heavy metal content in the environment
Summary
This article is an open access articleWith the development of industry and the increase in its demand, large-scale minerals are being mined with mechanized operation [1,2]. At the same time, mining will lead to the loss and fragmentation of local animal and plants’ habitats, as well as biodiversity loss; mining activities have greatly changed the structure and function of the local ecosystem, affecting the landscape pattern and safety of the whole area It has destroyed and occupied a large amount of land resources, intensifying the contradiction between people. The main problems of the ecological environment in mining areas include excessive heavy metals, lack of soil nutrients, changes in soil physical and chemical properties, and extreme changes in soil acidity [3,4,5] These problems pose a serious threat to the native habitat of the ecosystem and the structure and function of plants
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