Technology advances of ecological restoration and environmental remediation of heavy metal mines.

Abstract

During the process of the exploitation of heavy metals mines in China, both vegetation, landscape, land and water are all destroyed in varying degrees due to long-term neglection of ecological environmental protection and restoration. Heavy metal pollution result in soil quality degeneration which seriously threats human health and the natural ecological system. In this article, the ecological restoration technology of heavy metal mines area was reviewed. Three major repair measures involving geological engineering, vegetation restoration and soil remediation were covered, and seven technology categories and eighteen control techniques were put forward. Furthermore, the technical process scheme for the heavy metal pollution of mining ecological restoration is established, which is used to provide reference for mine ecological environment management including the investigation of pollution situation, the application of remediation techniques, and subsequent maintenance and development in the early stages of repair, preliminary stage as well as the later stage. In conclusion, the heavy metal pollution of mining requires building different fix models according to its status. Meanwhile, it also needs to strengthen the research of analysis in early stage, risk assessment in later period and comprehensive utilization. Accordingly, we are able meet the goal to restore the mine effectively. ［Ch, 2 fig. 1 tab. 63 ref.］