Abstract
Background. Dengue fever is an emerging public health problem in Pakistan. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between comorbid conditions in individuals suffering from dengue fever and the development of dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome. Methods. In this age- and sex-matched case control study, total of 132 cases of dengue hemorrhagic fever/dengue shock syndrome and 249 randomly selected controls were recruited from two major teaching hospitals of Lahore, Pakistan. A semistructured questionnaire was used to collect data through interview and by reviewing clinical records. SPSS version 18 was utilized for statistical analysis including conditional logistic regression. Results. Odds of developing dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS) among diabetics are higher than in controls, but this association was not found statistically significant (OR. 1.26; 95% CI. 0.78–2.03; P=0.34). Similarly, no association was observed in individuals suffering from hypertension (OR. 0.93; 95% CI. 0.57–1.49; P=0.76). Odds of developing DHF and DSS were higher for bronchial asthma (adjusted OR. 1.34) and pulmonary tuberculosis (adjusted OR. 1.41); however P values were insignificant. Conclusion. Presence of diabetes mellitus, hypertension, ischemic heart disease and bronchial asthma among patients contracted dengue fever will not increase the risk of dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome.
Highlights
Dengue fever is an emerging public health problem in Pakistan
A case for this study was defined as a 15–65 years male or female, who was diagnosed as dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) by a trained clinician using world health organization (WHO) criteria
The purpose of this case control study was to test the hypothesis that the subjects suffering from diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, bronchial asthma, tuberculosis, and chronic liver disease have higher odds of developing dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome if they contract dengue virus infection
Summary
Dengue fever is an emerging public health problem in Pakistan. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between comorbid conditions in individuals suffering from dengue fever and the development of dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome. Odds of developing dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS) among diabetics are higher than in controls, but this association was not found statistically significant Hypertension, ischemic heart disease and bronchial asthma among patients contracted dengue fever will not increase the risk of dengue hemorrhagic fever and dengue shock syndrome. Dengue fever is an emerging public health problem prevalent mostly in tropical and subtropical regions of the world It is an arbovirus infection transmitted through Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquito species. Infection with one serotype does not give protection against other dengue viruses, yet sequential infections increase the risk of developing dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS) [1, 2]. According to Punjab health department, total of 590339 suspected cases of dengue were reported in Lahore, out of which 21685 were confirmed by serology
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