Abstract

Digital transformation has become a buzzword in government manifestos to become the first, the best and the leading nation in embracing digital technology. This is imposed on all areas of society – health, education, agriculture and the economy, often under yet another overused agenda (or guise) of sustainability. While governments strive towards this chaotic development, their societies are left in much disarray, subjected to further polarization, widened disparities and heightened discrimination. This article provides an overview of current state-led digital mechanisms in the region, namely Pangkalan Data Utama (PADU; Malaysia), LAPOR! (Indonesia), Bottom-Up Budgeting (BuB) and Full Disclosure Policy (Philippines), and Tang Rat (Thailand) prior to discussing two other digital public participation models – vTaiwan and Decidem. A comparative analysis of their processes, challenges and opportunities is discussed alongside Migdal’s state-in-society framework to posit the notion of sociocratic networks for participatory governance. The principles of rhizomorphic publics provide the conceptual framework for a new digital social contract in this region.

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