Abstract

Simple SummaryDisease is a frequently encountered problem in aquaculture, which always causes global economic losses. White spot syndrome virus (WSSV) and Vibrio parahaemolyticus are two of the most destructive pathogens causing severe loss of shrimp aquaculture. Understanding the host immune responses against different pathogens is vital for developing effective disease control technologies. The lymphoid organ is a vital part of the shrimp immune system and exhibits important immune functions including cellular and humoral immunity. However, the immune function of the lymphoid organ and its responses against different pathogens are still largely unclear. In the present study, transcriptomic analysis was applied to compare the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the lymphoid organ of shrimp after Vibrio or WSSV challenge. Data showed that Vibrio challenge induced broad immune responses in the lymphoid organ including activation of several pattern recognition receptors, the proPO activating system, phagocytosis related genes, and immune effectors. In contrast, the immune responses seemed to be inhibited after WSSV infection. The present study suggests that the shrimp lymphoid organ plays different functions in response to the infection of distinct pathogens at early stage, which provides new insights into the immune functions of lymphoid organ in shrimp.The lymphoid organ is an essential part of the immune system involved in cellular and humoral immune responses in shrimp. However, its roles in the immune responses against different pathogens are still largely unclear. In the present study, transcriptomic analysis was applied to compare the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the lymphoid organ of shrimp after Vibrio or WSSV challenge. In total, 2127 DEGs were screened in the lymphoid organ of shrimp at 6 h post Vibrio parahaemolyticus injection, and 1569 DEGs were obtained at the same time after WSSV challenge. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of these DEGs revealed that two significantly enriched pathways including “neuroactive ligand–receptor interaction” and “protein digestion and absorption” were responsive to both pathogens. In contrast, “lysosome” was the significantly enriched pathway only in Vibrio challenge whereas carbohydrate metabolism related pathways were the significantly enriched pathways only in WSSV challenge. Further analysis on immune-related DEGs showed that Vibrio challenge induced broad immune responses in the lymphoid organ including activation of several pattern recognition receptors, the proPO activating system, phagocytosis related genes, and immune effectors. In contrast, the immune responses seemed to be inhibited after WSSV infection. The data suggest that the shrimp lymphoid organ plays different functions in response to the infection of distinct pathogens at the early stage, which provides new insights into the immune functions of lymphoid organ in shrimp.

Highlights

  • The Pacific whiteleg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei is one of the most important crustaceans in global aquaculture [1]

  • The data suggest that the shrimp lymphoid organ plays different functions in response to the infection of distinct pathogens at the early stage, which provides new insights into the immune functions of lymphoid organ in shrimp

  • To further understand the host immune responses in the lymphoid organ against Vibrio and white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) challenges, we identified immune-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) based on their functional annotation

Read more

Summary

Introduction

The Pacific whiteleg shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei is one of the most important crustaceans in global aquaculture [1]. During the development of the shrimp aquaculture industry, disease is a frequently encountered problem, which always causes global economic losses. Bacteria, and even parasites are the main pathogens of shrimp in aquaculture [2]. Vibrio parahaemolyticus and white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) are two of the most destructive pathogens causing severe loss of shrimp aquaculture [3,4]. Shrimp usually relies on its innate immune system including humoral and cellular immunity to fight against the invasive pathogens [5]. The lymphoid organ is an important target providing immune defense against invasive pathogens

Methods
Results
Discussion
Conclusion
Full Text
Published version (Free)

Talk to us

Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have

Schedule a call