Abstract
Intumescent flame-retardant binder (IFRB) offers a great advancement for the most efficient utilization of a wide variety of passive fire safety system at the recent development. This article highlights the fire-resistance and thermal properties of the IFRB using Bunsen burner and thermogravimetric analysis. The five IFRB formulations were mixed with vermiculite and perlite for the fabrication of fire-resistant timber door prototypes. Additionally, the fire rated door prototypes were compared under 2 hours fire test. The prototype (P2), with a low density of 637 kg/m3 showed the superlative fire-resistance rating performance, resulting in temperature reduction by up to 58.9 °C, as compared with that of prototype (P1). Significantly, an innovative fire rated timber door prototype with the addition of formulating intumescent binder has verified to be effective in stopping fires and maintaining its integrity by surviving a fire resistance period of 2 hours.
Highlights
The passive fire protection (PFP) system plays an important role in fulfilling the fire safety building regulations to effectively stop the propagation of a fire
With regards to this research, a new and innovative fire-resistant timber door is incorporated with the intumescent flame-retardant binder (IFRB) acts as an effective PFP system for building occupants to escape safely during the outbreak of fire by trapping the fire and smoke
This research project has highlighted a huge potential of incorporating the intumescent materials, which consists of three main flame-retardant additives, namely ammonium polyphosphate (APP) – acid source, pentaerythritol (PER) – carbon source and melamine (MEL) – blowing agents, into the fire door
Summary
The passive fire protection (PFP) system plays an important role in fulfilling the fire safety building regulations to effectively stop the propagation of a fire. This research project has highlighted a huge potential of incorporating the intumescent materials, which consists of three main flame-retardant additives, namely ammonium polyphosphate (APP) – acid source, pentaerythritol (PER) – carbon source and melamine (MEL) – blowing agents, into the fire door. These are mixed in a weight ratio of 2:1:1 and are to be bonded together with flame retardant fillers and vinyl acetate (VA) copolymer as well as vermiculite and perlite which react together to form a protective thermal barrier at high temperature in fire door [5]. It is important to note that flame-retardant additives are useful chemical compounds for fire retardant to provide varying degrees of flammability protection
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