DEFAMATION OF GOOD REPUTATION SPEECH ACTS IN THE BANGKA BELITUNG ISLANDS LEGAL TERRITORY

Abstract

Defamation of good reputation is one of the most common criminal offenses reported to the police. This case continues to increase from year to year. The records of the Indonesian National Police quoted by cnnindonesia.com regarding cases of insult and defamation of good reputation in 2020 were 1,743 cases and based on the Fury report (2021) it increased to 2,207 cases. Likewise, what happened in the Bangka Belitung Islands' jurisdiction. In 2021, there were at least 12 cases of defamation of good reputation reported to the Bangka Belitung Islands Regional Police. In legal construction, it can be said that defamation of good reputation usually contains a choice of swear words to attack a person's dignity, honor, and good name. This study aims to discuss the strategies, types of speech acts, and speech patterns of defamation of good reputation that occur and have been reported in the Bangka Belitung Islands jurisdiction. This study uses a forensic linguistic approach with pragmatic analysis and speech act theory as well as speech strategy. The speech act theory used is the theory proposed by John L. Austin (1962) and deepened by John R. Searle (1979). Both argue that utterances not only provide information but also perform actions. In other words, a person's speech act will always have a purpose according to the context of the speech event. The method used is qualitative. The data used in this study are evidence obtained from investigators of the Bangka Belitung Islands Regional Police in 2021. Based on the analysis, the strategy used by the perpetrators was found, namely the strategy of speaking frankly. The speech acts used are locution, assertive illocution, expressive illocution, declarative illocution, and directive illocution. Patterns of defamation of good reputation and threatening faces are degrading, humiliating, defending, informing, asking, scoffing, promising, regretting, welcoming, apologizing, regretting, and labeling.