Current status and demand of health services in primary and middle school clinic in 16 provinces of China

Abstract

Objective To analyze the current situation and needs of primary and secondary school health clinic services, and to provide a reference for strengthening school health service in China. Methods Investigation provinces were selected according to China’s three major economic zones, 1 or 2 survey centers were selected from each province, 16 provinces and 26 survey centers were selected. In each survey centers, six schools from primary and secondary schools, junior high schools and high schools in urban and rural areas were randomly selected as research sites. Each research site randomly selected 10 students in each grade (grade three, four, five from primary schools) to fill in the questionnaire anonymously. A total of 4 661 valid questionnaires were collected. Results Among the services provided by the school clinics to students, “trauma treatment” “consulting health problems” physical examination” accounted for 49.4%, 40.5% and 39.0% respectively. Within the past one year, 45.1% students went to the school clinic for consultation or consultation 1一3 times, 6.4% for 4-5 times, and 3.7% for 6 times or more. When students were sick in school, 65.8% (primary school), 64.0% (junior high school), and 54.4% (high school) of them selected to go to the school clinic. When suddenly suffered trauma in school, 78.2% (primary school) , 73. 2% (junior high school) and 69. 6% (high school) of the students went to the school clinic. Conclusion Primary and middle school students have a great demand for school health services, and it is necessary to continue to strengthen the construction of primary and secondary school health clinics. 【摘要】 目的 了解中国中小学校卫生室服务现状与需求, 为加强学校卫生服务提供参考。 方法 采用分层随机抽样的 方法, 按照中国三大经济地带划分, 分层选择调研省份, 每个调研省份选择 1〜2 个调研点, 共抽取 16 个省 26 个调研点。每 个调研点内随机选择城乡小学、初中、高中各1所共6所学校作为调研点校, 每个调研点校每个年级 (小学选择三〜五年 级) 随机选择 10 名学生匿名填写“全国中小学校卫生人员队伍建设调研学生问卷”。共回收有效问卷 4 661 份。 结果 学 校卫生室提供的服务中, “外伤处理”占 49.4%、“咨询身体健康问题”占 40.5%、“体检”占 39.0%;调查对象过去 1 年时间 内, 去学校卫生室看病或咨询次数 1〜3 次的占 45.1%, 4〜5 次的占6.4%, ≥6次的占 3.7%。在学校生病时, 选择去学校卫 生室看病的分别占65.8% (小学) 、64.0%(初中) 、54.4%(高中) ；在学校突然发生外伤时, 选择去学校卫生室的分别占 78.2%(小学) 、73.2%(初中) 、69.6%(高中)。 结论 中小学生对学校卫生室服务需求大, 需要继续加强中小学学校卫生室 建设。