CRISIS HUMANITY: HERMENEUTICS-PHENOMENOLOGICAL ANALYSIS

Abstract

Hermeneutics-phenomenological methodology can be used to solve the challenges that face today by modern civilization. Hermeneutics and Phenomenology offers a distinctive solution to exit the crisis: instead of rational abstractions to return to the life world of man in all its concrete fullness. Within the framework of philosophical analysis is proposed to use the hermeneutic-phenomenological methodology in dealing with the challenges that are currently facing modern civilization. Studied theoretical and methodological aspects of the culture crisis, as well as his hermeneutic-phenomenological analysis of E. Husserl. His works reflect the general manifestations of the crisis «crisis consciousness». Husserl and Heidegger attributed the crisis to the oppression of the inner nature of man. According to Husserl, the problem of the crisis is based on the idea of the loss of sciences significance, their importance, mankind, having lost faith in the universal philosophy, at the same time has lost all meaning and telos (purpose) of existence. «Crisis», in Husserl, can be explained as seeming collapse of rationalism and cause of difficulties of rational culture, which is not the essence of rationalism by itself, but only in his coverage, in his distortion of «naturalism» and «objectivism.» Husserl believes that there are two ways out of the crisis of European existence: the decline of Europe in alienating its rational sense of life, the hatred of spirit and relapsing into barbarism, or «revival of Europe in keeping with the philosophy thanks to definitively overcome naturalism heroism of reason. Attention is drawn to the fact that one of the important and still largely unexplored problems of its phenomenology – the thesis of Husserl about any coherent meaning more or less adequately by means of a «single intuition» may be subjectively marked in principle, based on the act or intuitive perception of continuous imaging in which the structure and the meaning of other significant features can be read from the corresponding intuitive implementation. Certain contemporary philosophical views on the concept of «crisis consciousness» have been considered, which incorporates different conceptions about the global crisis of modern society and its culture, reflects the general anthropological crisis, and at the same time is an organic part of it; «Crisis outlook», which is interpreted as a crisis of consciousness in two ways: as an experience of the philosophy of the crisis and as a reflection of the crisis of philosophy. It is proved that the central problem of phenomenology becomes a problem of philosophical study of the world as existing independently, but the problem «of sense» of the world, i.e., the disclosure of the activities of consciousness, through which the world appears to us as a hierarchy of meanings. And this semantic interpretation of the phenomenology is based on the method of analysis of intentional consciousness.