Correlation between artificial intelligence in education and teacher self-efficacy beliefs: a review

Abstract

Teachers' self-efficacy (TSE) beliefs affect not just their performance and motivation, but also the academic success of their pupils. As a result, researchers focused on the crucial self-beliefs of educators and its origins. This review article seeks to fill a gap regarding the correlation of teacher self-efficacy and its relation with the recently developed and ever-growing artificial intelligence (AI) technology by combining literature reviews from both of the topics to get a whole understanding and provide a solid framework for the suggestions of this paper. In addition, examples of how AI can be used in the classroom and the skills required for this use are mentioned and linked to educators' self-efficacy beliefs. Findings of literature review suggested that teacher self-efficacy is affected by various factors, but no studies which measured the correlation between AI literacy and teacher self-efficacy beliefs were found, thus, it is suggested that future research should be conducted to measure the correlation between AI literacy and teacher self-efficacy beliefs. Based on studies on these main topics that were reviewed separately, following implications were reached: (1) identifying ways that educators can take AI's advantage to improve their work efficiency rather than just relying on the tool to get the job done is crucial, (2) Policymakers should set up both pre-service and in-service training programs because they might offer novice teachers and seasoned educators the chance to learn through observational learning to increase their teacher self-efficacy regarding the use of AI in education.