Comparison of microsurgical and endoscopic approaches to removing lumbosacral spine hernias

Abstract

Listen

Translate article

Degenerative and dystrophic changes of the spine rank first in the number of temporary disability days and second among the reasons for visiting a physician. (1) Disc hernia is a consequence of degenerative and dystrophic changes of the spine representing a local displacement of disc elements outside the disc. Herniated disc bulges are most common in the 30-50-year-old population. This paper describes in detail the aetiology and pathogenesis of intervertebral disc hernia development, provides classifications of degenerative and dystrophic changes of the spine according to Osna, Pfirrmann, and presents the classification of intervertebral hernias of the North American Spine Society. The authors also described the clinical picture: vertebrogenic pain syndrome, radiculopathy, urinary disorders, and cauda equina syndrome were characterised. The aim of the study was to compare the microsurgical technique of herniated discs removal with the endoscopic technique, as well as to identify the advantages and disadvantages of each approach. Using data from both domestic and foreign studies, the authors compared these methods and identified the features of each one of them. As an illustration of the microsurgical method, a detailed analysis of a clinical case of removing an intervertebral hernia of the lumbosacral spine was performed. As materials and methods, the authors used the data of the patient»s medical history and the surgery protocol.