Abstract
Since 1978, with the disappearance of the historical caudillos (Joaquín Balaguer, Juan Bosch, and José Francisco Peña Gómez), institutional fragility and electoral power have been the keys to the survival of the political party system in the Dominican Republic. The current parties are more stable but not more institutionalized. The authoritarianism that characterized the Dominican political system from the 1960s until the end of the twentieth century relied for its stability not just on power and repression but on political control through clientelism and prebendalism. These mechanisms served not only as an instrument of social control but also as a strong basis for legitimacy. Desde 1978, tras la desaparición de los caudillos históricos (Joaquín Balaguer, Juan Bosch y José Francisco Peña Gómez), la fragilidad institucional y la fuerza electoral han sido las claves de la supervivencia del sistema de partidos en República Dominicana. Los partidos son hoy más estables pero no más institucionalizados. El autoritarismo que ha caracterizado al sistema político dominicano desde los años sesenta hasta finales del siglo XX no se ha apoyado únicamente en la apelación a la fuerza y a la represión; la clave de la estabilidad ha sido el control político a través del clientelismo y la movilización prebendalista. Este mecanismo, no solo es un arma de control social, sino que asegura bases firmes de legitimidad.
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