Abstract
Myrtus communis L. (Myrtle) is one of the most important aromatic and medicinal species from the Myrtaceae family. It is traditionally used as antiseptic, disinfectant drug and hypoglycemic agent. The aim of our study was to evaluate the protective effect of Myrtus communis essential oil (McEO) on CCl4-induced hepatotoxicity in rat. Thirty two adult Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups of 8 each: (1) a control group; (2) was given a single dose of CCl4 (1 mL kg−1 in 1% olive oil. ip) on the 14th day (3) were given during 15 days a daily i.p. injection of McEO at 250 mL kg−1 b.w (4) a group was pretreated with McEO and intoxicated with CCl4 on the 14th day. The major components of McEO are α-pinene (35.20%), 1,8-cineole (17%), linalool (6.17%) and limonene (8.94%) which accounted for 67.31% of the whole oil. The antioxidant activity of McEO was evaluated using DPPH scavenging ability, β-carotene bleaching inhibition and hydroxyl radical-scavenging activity. Moreover, the effect of McEO (250 mg kg−1 body weight BW) administrated for 14 consecutive days was evaluated in wistar rat. Administration of a single dose of CCl4 caused hepatotoxicity as monitored by an increase in lipid peroxidation (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) as well in protein carbonyl level but decreased in antioxidant markers in the liver tissue. The McEO pre-treatment significantly prevented the increased plasma levels of hepatic markers and lipid levels induced by CCl4 in rats. Furthermore, this fraction improved biochemical and histological parameters as compared to CCl4-treated group. Our results suggest that M. communis contains promising substances to counteract the CCl4 intoxication and which may be efficient in the prevention of hepatotoxicity complications.
Highlights
Because it is the major site of detoxi cation and xenobiotic metabolism, the liver is usually injured by toxic chemicals, drugs, and in ltrated virus and bacteria by ingestion or infection.[1]
The hydrodistillation of Myrtus communis essential oil (McEO) gave a yield of 2.8% (v/w) and 17 total components were identi ed, accounting for 97.86% of the whole oil
To understand the mechanisms of the McEO protective effect against acute CCl4-induced liver injury, we evaluated the activities of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)), as well as the level of MDA in rat liver
Summary
Because it is the major site of detoxi cation and xenobiotic metabolism, the liver is usually injured by toxic chemicals, drugs, and in ltrated virus and bacteria by ingestion or infection.[1]. Many studies proved that plant extracts are very rich in antioxidant compounds that offered an effective protection against CCl4 induced hepatotoxicity by inhibiting lipid peroxidation and enhancing antioxidant enzyme activity.[9,10] Paper. (Myrtle) is one of the most important aromatic and medicinal species belonging to the Myrtaceae family. It is traditionally used as an antiseptic, disinfectant, anti in ammatory and hypoglycemic agent.[11] This plant is used as avor in food and cosmetic industries.[12] Up to date, the majority of studies of myrtle have focused on its leaf and berries volatile fraction and phenolic compounds.[13] In this study, we investigated the antioxidant effects of the McEO and its hepato protective effects against CCl4 induced liver injury
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