Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Bergamot Peel Oil from Supercritical CO2 and Compressed Propane Extraction

Marcos Lazarotto,Alexssandra Valério,Jaqueline Scapinello,J Vladimir Oliveira,Jacir Dal Magro,Aline Boligon,Marcus V Tres

doi:10.2174/1874256401810010016

Abstract

Objective:Essential oils are widely used as flavors and fragrances in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical industries, especially the bergamot peel oil due to the high polyphenols content, compared to other citrus species. Two types of polyphenols present in bergamot peel oil, brutieridin and melitidin, are directly related to cholesterol biosynthesis inhibition in a similar way as the statins. In this context, this work reports the extraction yields of bergamot peel oil obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide and compressed propane, together with the antimicrobial activity.Methods:The experiments were conducted at 55°C and 350 bar (density 0.881kg/m3) for carbon dioxide and at 55 °C and 40 bar (density 0.441 kg/m3) for propane.Results:Regarding the antimicrobial activity, the minimum inhibitory concentrations of bergamot oil were effective for the gram-positive bacteria growth inhibition,Staphylococcus aureusat 31.25 µg.mL-1of bergamot oil, while 500 µg.mL-1of oil extract was necessary to afford gram-negative bacterium (Escherichia coli) inhibition.

Highlights

ResultsThe minimum inhibitory concentrations of bergamot oil were effective for the gram-positive bacteria growth inhibition, Staphylococcus aureus at 31.25 μg.mL-1 of bergamot oil, while 500 μg.mL-1 of oil extract was necessary to afford gram-negative bacterium (Escherichia coli) inhibition
Research focused on the development of clean technologies, especially on the extraction of natural compounds, has been applied to several areas of science and largely devoted to food, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical industries [1, 2]
The main goal of this work was to evaluate the use of carbon dioxide and propane in the oil extraction of Citrus deliciosa bergamia peel and compare the results in terms of extraction yield and antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, as microorganism models

Summary

Results

The minimum inhibitory concentrations of bergamot oil were effective for the gram-positive bacteria growth inhibition, Staphylococcus aureus at 31.25 μg.mL-1 of bergamot oil, while 500 μg.mL-1 of oil extract was necessary to afford gram-negative bacterium (Escherichia coli) inhibition.

INTRODUCTION

Materials

Bergamot Peel Oil Extraction With Pressurized Propane and Supercritical CO2

Extraction Performance

Antibacterial Assays

CONCLUSION