Physical, Proximate and Sensory Properties of Cake Produced using Shea Butter as Shortening

Osunrinade Oludolapo A,Bamisaye Yemisi O,Babalola Kafayat A,Azeez Abibat O

doi:10.2174/1874256402012010018

Abstract

Background: Shea butter is the under-consumed vegetable fat and oil. Making shea butter a part of food components in confectionaries would increase its utilization. Objective: In this study, the cake was produced by incorporating shea butter as shortening. Methods: Shea butter to margarine ratio was 100: 0, 50:50, 40:60, 30:70, and 0:100%, and additional cake samples were produced using flashed shea butter. Standard methods determined the physical and proximate properties of the cake samples, while 25-member panelists did the sensory evaluation. Statistical significance was done at p<0.05. The height, weight, and volume of the cake samples ranged from 3.2 to 3.9 cm, 39 to 50 g, and 625 cm3 to 1026 cm3, respectively. The ranges of moisture, fat, protein, carbohydrate, crude fiber, and the ash content of cakes were 13.7-17.3, 24.3- 30.7, 4.4-8.6, 43-50, 0.10-1.10, and 2.9-3.9%, respectively. The energy value of cake samples in kcal ranged from 440 to 471. Results: There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the height and volume of the cakes produced from 100% shea butter and 100% margarine. The fat, crude fiber, and ash content increase with the increase in Shea butter substitution. There was no significant difference in the taste and appearance of cake samples from 100%, 70%, 60%, and 50% margarine. Conclusion: Cake samples produced with 60% margarine and 40% shea butter were the most liked by the consumers. Acceptable cakes can be produced by the inclusion of up to 50% shea butter as part of the shortening.

Highlights

Shea butter is underutilized when comparing its availability with its percentage contribution to edible fat and oil
Cake samples produced with 60% margarine and 40% shea butter were the most liked by the consumers
Acceptable cakes can be produced by the inclusion of up to 50% shea butter as part of the shortening

Summary

Introduction

Shea butter is underutilized when comparing its availability with its percentage contribution to edible fat and oil. Poor sensory quality and low acceptability have been associated with food products from shea butter. This behavior is because fat contributes significantly to the organoleptic characteristics, micro and macrostructure of confectionaries [1]. The occasional use of shea butter in the chocolate industry as a substitute for cocoa butter was reported by Maranz et al [11]. These uses could be attributed to both its physical, functional, and compositional characteristics. Making shea butter a part of food components in confectionaries would increase its utilization

Methods

Results

Conclusion