Abstract
Rock material refers to the intact rock within the framework of discontinuities. It is the smallest element of rock block not cut by any fracture. There are always some micro fractures in the rock material, but these should not be treated as fractures. “Rock material” differs from “rock mass” that refers to insitu rock together with its discontinuities and weathering profile. Rock material has two types of characteristics: physical and mechanical characteristics. Furthermore, rock material has been divided into two classes: class I and class II. In class I, failure propagation is stable in the sense that each increment of deformation beyond the point of maximum load carrying capacity requires an increment of work to be done on the rock. Whereas in class II, rocks are unstable or self-sustaining, and elastic energy must be extracted from the material to control fracture. This chapter also discusses uniaxial compression. Rock failure in uniaxial compression occurs in two modes.
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