Abstract
This chapter focuses on Geological Strength Index (GSI), which is introduced for both hard and weak rock masses. Experienced field engineers and geologists generally highlight liking for a simple, fast, and reliable classification that is based on visual inspection of geological conditions. For avoiding double accounting, ground water condition and insitu stresses are not considered in GSI as these are accounted for in computer models. Further, GSI assumes that the rock mass is isotropic. Therefore, only cores without weak planes are tested in triaxial cell to determine qc and mr as GSI downgrades strength according to schistosity. Furthermore, in argillaceous or anisotropic rocks, the uniaxial compressive strength of rock material qc depends upon the orientation of the plane of weakness. The geological strength index GSI and Rock Mass Rating (RMR) take into account the orientation of joints. To avoid double accounting for joint orientation in both
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