Abstract
A hydropower plant, particularly if it has a dam and reservoir, can have a major impact on the environment. The flooding of the reservoir is likely to displace people that have to be resettled and it will also destroy the habitat of the flooded valley. This may have to be re-created to maintain biodiversity in the region. The creation of a dam will also affect both the flow of water downstream and the amount of silt that is carried to downstream environments. This can have a dramatic effect on habitats that rely on the silt. When a dam and reservoir have been built, the additional pressure on the geological substrata can cause seismic tremors. In addition, reservoirs can be a source of methane, a potent greenhouse gas. All these factors must be evaluated before a project is built.
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