Abstract
This chapter presents the basic knowledge gained concerning vibration measurements and provides examples of using vibration measurement results to validate the numerical models. Measured parameters in the design of an actual vibration measurement are introduced, including the displacement, velocity, acceleration, wheel-rail contact force, and soil dynamic stress, etc. Two methods used to analyze and interpret the measured data of vibration in a time domain and frequency domain are also discussed, as well as the indicators for vibration evaluation. Three levels of the vibration measurement to verify numerical models are defined according to the complexity of the test. An in situ measurement of a train-induced dynamic response of a railway embankment and the underpass metro tunnel system is presented as an illustration of the three levels.
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