Abstract
Tumor antigens are the basis of most cancer vaccine strategies and other types of specific cancer immunotherapy. They are targeted by application of various approaches, and using the peptides containing the epitope(s) of a tumor antigen benefits form an standard and easy method to evoke anticancer immunity. However, some drawbacks are attributed to this simple method, which limit its usage unless optimization is undertaken. In this chapter, peptide- and protein-based vaccines against many types of cancer will be reviewed. Results of the clinical trials, advantages and disadvantages, and some suggestions to optimize peptide-based vaccine toward its pervasive usage will be provided.
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