Abstract
Hydrogen energy storage is another form of chemical energy storage in which electrical power is converted into hydrogen. This energy can then be released again by using the gas as fuel in a combustion engine or a fuel cell. Hydrogen can be produced from electricity by the electrolysis of water, a simple process that can be carried out with relatively high efficiency provided cheap power is available. The hydrogen must then be stored, potentially in underground caverns for large-scale energy storage, although steel containers can be used for smaller scale storage. Hydrogen can be used as fuel for piston engines, gas turbines, or hydrogen fuel cells, the latter offering the best efficiency. Hydrogen energy storage is of interest because the gas forms the basis for the hydrogen economy in which it replaces fossil fuel in many combustion applications.
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