Abstract
This chapter reviews the epidemiology of major fungal diseases of economically important crops in the Philippines. Studies on the disease cycle and effects of environmental and crop management factors, yield loss assessment, modeling of disease development, yield loss and climate change response of major fungal diseases in rice, maize, mango, coffee, and banana are reviewed. Empirical regression models of disease development and/or yield loss have been developed for rice blast, rice sheath blight, Stenocarpella disease complex and banded leaf and sheath blight of maize, and mango anthracnose. Mechanistic simulation models of disease development and/or yield loss have been developed for blast and sheath blight of rice, southern leaf blight and banded leaf and sheath blight of maize, and mango anthracnose. Significant results were obtained from surveys of rice crop health (pests, diseases and weeds) in tropical Asia from 1987 to 2011 including the Philippines and recent pest surveys (2014–18) in all rice-growing regions of the Philippines. Both surveys indicate that rice brown spot and dirty panicle or glume discoloration are emerging fungal diseases. Climate change impacts on rice blast, southern leaf blight of maize, and coffee rust were simulated using mechanistic simulation models. Climate change effects on Fusarium and Aspergillus ear rots of maize and Fusarium wilt Tropical Race 4 on banana were simulated using Fuzzy Logic and Maximum Entropy modeling, respectively. Climate change simulation results showed that the fungal diseases will increase or decrease depending on the disease, season, and location.
Published Version
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