Abstract
This chapter introduces surface plasma waves, presents methods for their excitation and interrogation, and discusses the concept of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) optical biosensors. SPR biosensors exploit special electromagnetic waves—surface plasmon-polaritons—to probe changes in the refractive index at surfaces of metals. SPR biosensors can therefore be used to monitor the interaction between an analyte in solution and its biospecific partner immobilized on the metal surface without the use of labels. Major application areas include the detection of low levels of biological analytes and the study of biomolecular interactions. The SPR biosensor technology has been commercialized and SPR biosensors have become a central tool for characterizing and quantifying biomolecular interactions both in life sciences and pharmaceutical research.
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