Chapter 7 - Ensifer meliloti is the main microsymbiont of Prosopis chilensis in arid soils of Eastern Morocco

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Seed is the basis for much of agriculture. It is important that the seed that a farmer plants is pure. In the context of biotechnology, many countries and trading blocks, although they may allow import of grain, have zero tolerance for the presence of biotechnology (genetically modified organisms) in seeds. Testing of seed is therefore an important tool for making sure that the seed has not become contaminated with unwanted material during its production. This chapter gives an overview of the various methods used to test seeds for purity and limit the risk in the seed supply chain.