Chapter 7 - Biofuel production: An initiative of environmentally sound technologies (EST’s) or Green technologies

Abstract

The burning of fossil fuel sources meets the current global energy demand. As demand grows, resources and supplies are depleting. Furthermore, the environment is being endangered by the continual release of greenhouse gases, mostly CO2, which is concerning. Therefore, researching for alternatives is inevitable. A biofuel is a good option, and with the right conversion technique, it can be used to meet various energy needs. It focuses on the effective control of air quality issues and the overall objective of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Biofuel demand has increased in subsequent years all over the world. As a renewable energy source, Biofuels will help reduce reliance on fossil fuels, meet environmental goals, and meet a variety of other social concerns. Green fuel sources like biofuel can reduce greenhouse gas emissions by up to 30% when burned in an internal combustion engine. This chapter contains information on biofuels that can better understand the technological consequences of biofuel production. It aims to provide some context for (a) greener process of biofuel production and effective additives used in biofuels, (b) life cycle assessment (LCA) and net energy balances (NEB) of biofuel, (c) environmental impact of biofuel and its sensitivity, and (d) biofuels and the sustainability challenge. Biofuel has a positive NEB and lower carbon footprint than fossil fuel, according to LCA reports. It was found that biofuels might be a viable method for global energy conservation and environmental protection.