Abstract
Phosphite [H2PO3− or HPO32 (Phi)], an analog of phosphate [H2PO4− or HPO4−2 (Pi)], is gaining relevance as an inorganic biostimulant in agriculture, enhancing the growth, production, and productivity of various crop plants, while promoting better performance in species established in challenging environments. In nature, plants do not have the molecular machinery to metabolize Phi, and thus Phi cannot be used as a conventional source of P for plant nutrition approaches. As a plant biostimulant, it is effective especially when there is sufficient Pi in the growth medium. Furthermore, doses and rates of application adequately scheduled demands of crop plants are crucial factors to ensure efficient biostimulant effects. Ultimately, the final response of plants will depend on a series of interacting factors such as the genotype, the environment, the agricultural practices, and the sources of Phi utilized. Herein, we outline the most recent and salient studies on the impact of Phi as a biostimulant in agriculture and discuss the perspectives of its use.
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